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          0531-86018775

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          C10-T3-R3
          1. Ìâ¸É£ºA 3,000-year-oldburial ground of a seafaring people called the Lapita
          has been found on an abandoned 27on the Pacific
          island of Efate.£¨C10-T3-R3 T27£©
          Ô­ÎÄ£ºAn agricultural worker, digging in the grounds of a derelict plantation,
          scraped open a grave-the first dozens in a burial ground some 3,000 years
          old.
          ͬÒåÌæ»»£º
          3,000-year-old --- 3,000 years old
          Burial ground --- a burial ground
          Abandoned --- derelict
           
          2. Ìâ¸É£ºThe cemetery, which is a significant 28, was uncovered
          accidentally by an agricultural worker.£¨C10-T3-R3 T28£©
          Ô­ÎÄ£ºAn important archaeological discovery on the island of Efate in the
          Pacific archipelago of Vanuatu has revealed traces of an ancient seafaring
          people, the distant ancestors of today’s Polynesians. The site came to light
          only by chance. An agricultural worker, ……
          ͬÒåÌæ»»£º
          Significant --- important
          Uncovered --- revealed
          Accidentally --- by chance
          An agricultural worker --- an agricultural worker
           
          3. Ìâ¸É£ºThey took many things with them on their voyages including29
          and tools.£¨C10-T3-R3 T29£©
          Ô­ÎÄ£ºThey were also pioneers who carried with them everything they would
          need to build new lives-their livestock, taro seedlings and stone tools.
          ͬÒåÌæ»»£º
          Took --- carried
          Many things --- everything
          Tools --- stone tools
           
          3. Ìâ¸É£ºSpriggs believes the 30which wasfound at the site is
          very important since it confirms that the 31found inside
          are Lapita.£¨C10-T3-R3 T30£©
          Ô­ÎÄ£º Other items included a Lapita burial urn with modelled birds
          arranged on the rim as though peering down at the human remains sealed
          inside. ‘It's an important discovery’, says Matthew Spriggs,……
          ͬÒåÌæ»»£º
          Spriggs --- Spriggs
          Found --- discovery
          Was --- a
           
          5. Ìâ¸É£ºSpriggs believes the 30which was found at the site is
          very important since it confirms that the 31found inside
          are Lapita.£¨C10-T3-R3 T31£©
          Ô­ÎÄ£º ‘It's an important discovery’, says Matthew Spriggs, professor of
          archaeology at the Australian National University and head of the
          international team digging up the site, ‘for it conclusively identifies the
          remains as Lapita.’
          ͬÒåÌæ»»£º
          Spriggs --- Spriggs
          Was found --- digging up
          At the site --- the site
          Confirms --- identifies
           
          6. Ìâ¸É£ºAccording to the writer, there are difficulties explaining how the
          Lapita accomplished their journeys because little information relating to his
          period can be relied upon for accuracy.£¨C10-T3-R3 T32£©
          Ô­ÎÄ£ºNo-one has found one of their canoes or any rigging, which could
          reveal how the canoes were sailed. Nor do the oral histories and traditions
          of later Polynesians offer any insights, for they turn into myths long before
          they reach as far back in time as the Lapita.
          ͬÒåÌæ»»£º
          Explaining --- found / reveal / offer any insights
          How…accomplished their journeys --- how the canoes were sailed
          Because --- for
          Little information --- turn into myths
          Period --- time
           
          7. Ìâ¸É£ºAccording to the sixth paragraph, what was extraordinary about the
          Lapita? They sailed beyond the point where land was visible.
          £¨C10-T3-R3 T33£©
          Ô­ÎÄ£ºThe real adventure didn’t begin, however, until their Lapita
          descendants sailed out of sight of land, with empty horizons on every side.
          …… Certainly it distinguished them from their ancestors, ……
          ͬÒåÌæ»»£º
          Extraordinary --- distinguished them from
          Beyond the point where land was visible --- out of sight of land
           
          8. Ìâ¸É£ºWhat does ‘This’ refer to in the seventh paragraph? the Lapita’s
          belief they would be able to return home.£¨C10-T3-R3 T34£©
          Ô­ÎÄ£ºThey could sail out for days into the unknown and assess the area,
          secure in the knowledge that if they didn’t find anything, they could turn
          about and catch a swift ride back on the trade winds. This is what would
          have made the whole thing work.’.
          ͬÒåÌæ»»£º
          This --- This
          Belief --- secure in the knowledge
          Be able to --- could
          Return home --- ride back
           
          9. Ìâ¸É£ºAccording to the eighth paragraph, how was the geography of the
          region significant? It provided a navigational aid for the Lapita.£¨C10-T3-R3
          T35£©
          Ô­ÎÄ£ºFor returning explorers, successful or not, the geography of their own
          archipelagos would have provided a safety net.
          ͬÒåÌæ»»£º
          Geography --- geography
          Provided --- provided
          A navigational aid --- a safety net
           
          10.Ìâ¸É£ºIt is now clear that the Lapita could sail into a prevailing wind.
          £¨C10-T3-R3 T36£©
          Ô­ÎÄ£º……£ºthe Lapita had mastered the advanced art of sailing against the
          wind. ‘And there’s no proof they could do any such thing,’Anderson says.
          ͬÒåÌæ»»£º
          Clear --- no proof
          Could --- mastered the advanced art / could
          Artificial objects --- technical objects
          Sail --- sailing / do
          Into a prevailing wind --- against the wind /any such thing
           
          11.Ìâ¸É£ºExtreme climate conditions may have played a role in Lapita
          migration. £¨C10-T3-R3 T37£©
          Ô­ÎÄ£ºEl Nino, the same climate disruption that affects the Pacific today,
          may have helped scatter the Lapita, Anderson suggests. He points out that
          climate data obtained from slow-growing corals around the Pacific indicate
          a series of unusually frequent El Niño’s around the time of the Lapita
          expansion.
          ͬÒåÌæ»»£º
          Extreme climate conditions --- El Nino / climate disruption / El Niño’s
          Played a role --- affects / indicate
          Lapitamigration --- scatter the Lapita / Lapita expansion
           
              12. Ìâ¸É£ºThe Lapita learnt to predict the duration of El Ninos.£¨C10-T3-R3-T38£©
          Ô­ÎÄ£ºBy reversing the regular east-to-west flow of the trade windsfor
          weeks at a time, these ‘super El Niño’s’ might have taken the Lapita on
          long unplanned voyages.
          ͬÒåÌæ»»£º
          Learnt to predict --- reversing……forweeks at a time
          Duration --- regular east-to-west flow of the trade winds
          El Ninos --- super El Niño’s
           
          13.Ìâ¸É£ºIt remains unclear why the Lapita halted their expansion across the
          Pacific.£¨C10-T3-R3 T39£©
          Ô­ÎÄ£ºHowever they did it, the Lapita spread themselves a third of the way
          across the Pacific, then called it quits for reasons known only to them.
          ͬÒåÌæ»»£º
          Remains unclear --- known only to them
          Why --- reasons
          Halted --- quits
          Across the Pacific --- across the Pacific
           
          14.Ìâ¸É£ºIt is likely that the majority of Lapita settled on Fiji.£¨C10-T3-R3 T39£©
          Ô­ÎÄ£ºThey probably never numbered more than a few thousand in total,
          and in their rapid migration eastward they encountered hundreds of
          islands-more than 300 in Fiji alone.
          Likely --- probably
          Fiji --- Fiji alone

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